ʻEhā mau hiʻohiʻona o nā peptides antimicrobial

Ua loaʻa mua kēia mau peptides antimicrobial mai nā ʻōnaehana pale o nā iniseti, mammals, amphibians, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.

1. ʻO ka cecropin ka mea i loaʻa mua i loko o ka lymph immune o Cecropiamoth, ka mea i loaʻa nui i nā pepeke ʻē aʻe, a loaʻa pū nā peptides bactericidal like i loko o ka ʻōpū puaʻa.Hoʻohālikelike ʻia lākou e kahi ʻāpana N-terminal alkaline ikaika a ukali ʻia e kahi ʻāpana hydrophobic lōʻihi.

2. ʻO Xenopus antimicrobial peptides (magainin) i loaʻa mai nā ʻiʻo a me ka ʻōpū o nā rana.ʻO ke ʻano o ka xenopus antimicrobial peptides i ʻike ʻia he helical, ʻoi aku hoʻi i nā wahi hydrophobic.Ua aʻo ʻia ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o nā antipeptides xenopus i nā papa lipid e NMR paʻa paʻa paʻa inoa NMR.Ma muli o ka hoʻololi kemika o ka resonance acylamine, ʻo nā helices o nā xenopus antipeptides he mau ʻāpana bilayer like, a hiki iā lākou ke hoʻohuli e hana i kahi hale 13mm me kahi hanana helical manawa o 30mm.

3. Defensin Defence peptides ua loaa mai ke kanaka polykaryotic neutrophil rabbit polymacrophages me ka nuclear lobule piha a me ka opu o na holoholona.ʻO kahi pūʻulu o nā peptides antimicrobial e like me nā peptides pale mammalian i unuhi ʻia mai nā iniseti, i kapa ʻia ʻo "insect defense peptides".ʻAʻole like me nā peptides pale mammalian, ʻeleʻele nā ​​peptides pale i nā pepeke e kūʻē i ka bacteria Gram-positive.ʻOiai ʻo nā peptides pale i nā pepeke he ʻeono koena Cys, akā ʻokoʻa ke ʻano o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka disulfide i kekahi.ʻO ke ʻano hoʻopaʻa ʻana o ke alahaka disulfide intramolecular o nā peptides antibacterial i unuhi ʻia mai Drosophila melanogast ua like ia me nā peptides pale mea kanu.Ma lalo o nā kūlana aniani, hōʻike ʻia nā peptides pale e like me nā dimer.

4. Loaʻa ʻia ʻo Tachyplesin mai nā pāpaʻi lio, i kapa ʻia ʻo horseshoecrab.Hōʻike nā haʻawina hoʻonohonoho i ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi hoʻonohonoho B-folding antiparallel (3-8 kūlana, 11-16 kūlana), kahiβHoʻopili ʻia -angle kekahi i kekahi (8-11 kūlana), a ua hoʻokumu ʻia ʻelua mau paʻa disulfide ma waena o nā kūlana 7 a me 12, a ma waena o nā kūlana 3 a me 16.I loko o kēia hale, aia ka hydrophobic amino acid ma kekahi ʻaoʻao o ka mokulele, a ʻike ʻia nā koena cationic ʻeono ma ka huelo o ka mole, no laila he biophilic nō hoʻi ke ʻano.

ʻO ia ka mea kokoke i nā peptides antimicrobial he cationic ma ke ʻano, ʻoiai ʻokoʻa lākou i ka lōʻihi a me ke kiʻekiʻe;I ka hopena kiʻekiʻe, inā ma ke ʻano o ka alpha-helical a i ʻoleβ-ʻo ka pelu ʻana, ka hana bitropic ka hiʻohiʻona maʻamau.