Hoʻolaha nui ʻia nā pūhui Heterocyclic ma ke ʻano, e helu ana no kahi kokoke i hoʻokahi hapakolu o nā pūhui organik i ʻike ʻia, a hoʻohana nui ʻia.Nui nā mea koʻikoʻi, e like me ka chlorophyll, heme, nucleic acids, a me kekahi mau lāʻau kūlohelohe a synthetic me ka maikaʻi kupaianaha i nā noi lapaʻau, aia nā hale o nā pūhui heterocyclic.ʻO nā alkaloids ka mea nui o ka lāʻau lapaʻau Kina, a ʻo ka hapa nui o lākou he pūhui heterocyclic me ka nitrogen.
"I loko o nā pūhui organik cyclic, ua kapa ʻia nā ʻātoma i hoʻokumu ʻia i ke apo he pūhui heterocyclic inā loaʻa nā ʻātoma non-carbon ʻē aʻe i hoʻohui ʻia i nā ʻātoma kalapona."Kapa ʻia kēia mau ʻātoma non-carbon he heteroatoms.ʻO nā heteroatoms maʻamau ka nitrogen, oxygen, a me ka sulfur.
E like me ka wehewehe ʻana i luna, ʻike ʻia nā pūhui heterocyclic me ka lactone, lactide, a me ka cyclic anhydride, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, akā ʻaʻole i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o nā pūhui heterocyclic no ka mea ua like lākou i ke ʻano me nā pūhui open-chain pili a hiki i ka wehe ʻana i nā apo e lilo. pūhui hāmama.Ke kālele nei kēia pepa i nā pūhui heterocyclic me nā ʻōnaehana apo paʻa paʻa a me nā pae like ʻole o ka ʻala.ʻO ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo nā mea hoʻohuihui heterocyclic aromatic he heterocycles e paʻa i ke ʻano ʻala, ʻo ia hoʻi, 6π electron closed conjugate system.ʻO kēia mau pūhui he paʻa paʻa, ʻaʻole maʻalahi ka wehe ʻana i ke apo, a ua like ko lākou ʻano a me kā lākou hana ʻana me benzene, ʻo ia hoʻi, he mau degere like ʻole o ka aromaticity, no laila ua kapa ʻia lākou he hui heterocyclic aromatic.
Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā pūhui Heterocyclic ma ke ʻano he heterocycles hoʻokahi a i ʻole heterocycles mānoanoa e like me ko lākou iwi iwi heterocyclic.Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā heterocycles hoʻokahi i ʻelima mau lālā heterocycles a me nā heterocycles ʻeono e like me ko lākou nui.Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā heterocycles fused i nā heterocycles benzene-fused a me nā heterocycles fused e like me ko lākou ʻano o ke apo fused.E like me ka mea i hoikeia ma ke kii.
Hoʻokumu ʻia ka nomenclature o nā pūhui heterocyclic ma ka unuhi ʻana i nā ʻōlelo haole.Ua hoʻohui ʻia ka unuhi Kina o ka inoa Pelekane o ka hui heterocyclic ma hope o ke ʻano "kou".ʻo kahi laʻana:
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Jul-05-2023